Gun Control Laws Limit Violent Crime - 1385 Words

Founding Father Benjamin Franklin once said that, â€Å"Those who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.† The great American republic was founded on the principle of liberty for all. The Bill of Rights, which is a pillar of US democracy, clearly stipulates that all citizens have the right to bear arms. It is senseless to sacrifice this fundamental right for a false illusion of safety. We can reference previous periods of history in which the government placed restrictions on products and examine how ineffective they were. Furthermore, we can look at the absence of a correlation between strict gun control measures and reducing violent crime rates in US states. It is time to ensure that our Constitution is upheld to protect the ideals of American democracy. The proposal of restricting US citizens from purchasing firearms is invalid because they are protected to do so under the Constitution, strict government regulati ons on other harmful products have not been effective in the past, and the idea that gun control laws limit violent crime is a misconception. As Americans and lovers of liberty, you must exercise your birthright and strike down any proposals to restrict the right to bear arms. Restricting this right is tarnishing the Constitution, which is the central element of American government. This is why the importance of upholding the Second Amendment cannot be emphasized enough. It provides the final line ofShow MoreRelatedGun Control: Keeping Guns Out of the Wrong Hands Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesPeople have questioned gun control long time. Many people wonder if anyone, aside from those who join the law force, should be allowed to carry guns. Benjamin Franklin once said, â€Å"Those who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety† (Wright 4). Franklin understood that taking guns away from law-abiding citizens would not uphold their liberty. Some people who argue for gun control state many violent crimes involve guns. Others believe a childRead MoreAmmunition ov er Guns Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesrights of citizens in America, and the right to keep and bear arms is a vital part of the individual rights guaranteed by the Constitution. Gun control, or even a ban, infringes upon this fundamental freedom of America’s constitutional law. Furthermore, the problems being targeted are not problems, and the technology being discredited, ludicrous. Finally, gun control proponents base their arguments on fearful statistics, whereas statistics, in reality, favor less restrictive arms bans. Argument has alwaysRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesGun Control Does Not Equate to Less Gun Violence Civilian gun ownership has been debated, banned, allowed, and limited for as long as firearms have been used as a weapon against another human. Many arguments have been proposed over time about why civilians should, or should not be afforded the right to bear arms. What seems to be the most common modern opposition is that there is truly no need for civilians to own a gun, in this day and age. Many who oppose guns simply think less guns, less gun violenceRead MoreEssay about Gun Control Will Not Reduce Crime1076 Words   |  5 Pagesimplementation of gun control in the United states is a large problem as it will take away the 2nd Amendment rights and would also stop the ability of law abiding citizens to protect themselves from criminals who obtain guns illegally. The right to bear arms is promised to citizens of the United States, and to put gun control into effect is to take away their Constitutional rights. Crime is very high in cities that have few gun control laws. However, th e problem will not be solved by taking guns away fromRead MoreThe Right Of Bear Arms1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe right to bear arms is assured in the constitution by the Second Amendment. Liberals are attempting to alter the constitution by any mean necessary. They are trying to prohibit handguns and/or limit sales. Studies have proven that gun control could not stop people from carrying out crimes. During the development of this country, the Founding Fathers were establishing a system of government during the final drafts of the Constitution, many dreaded that a standing army, commanded by a centralizedRead MoreThe Problem Of Crime And Gun Violence1718 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem of crime and gun violence is never approached or discussed, there are leaders within America tirelessly working to find a solution to help decrease crime. Alex Yablon puts it like this in his article on The Trace, saying â€Å"the lack of progress on the federal level should not be confused with a lac k of proposed solutions to America s gun violence epidemic – there are plenty of those, on both sides of the table.† Yablon means there are some bills that would limit the access to guns as well asRead MoreGun Control Is Not Regulated Now Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pages If firearm control is not regulated now, what would be the outcome and its effects on society in the future. As of now the laws of gun control have little to no effect on crimes committed using a gun. It’s a known fact that firearms are the most used lethal weapon during violent crimes, here in the State of Texas. As a concerned resident of the state, I am motivated to bring to the attention of our law enforcers, that stricter laws on firearms should be enforced. For the reasons of safety in ourRead MorePros And Cons Of Gun Control1511 Words   |  7 PagesGun control is a policy that the government limits the keeping and using of guns by citizens. According to Firearms and Federal Law: The Gun Control Act Of 1968, the Gun Control Act is designed to provide support to Federal, State, and local law enforcement officials in their fight against crime and violence. (Journal of Legal Studies). Firearm is an epochal invention. But unfortunately, no matter in the past or now, guns and firearms are often misused. Therefore, gun control policy exists. InRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1569 Words   |  7 Pagesstocks, which allowed the guns to fire hundreds of rounds per minute (Goldman). From this unspeakable atrocity, an abundant perspicuity is created, portraying that gun control laws are unable to prevent many violent actions, including mass shootings and other horrific events. Even a drastic increase in gun laws cannot prevent men that have irreproachable records from acting recklessly, or predict when an event such as this will happen. The thousands of homicides generated by guns per year are an especiallyRead MoreArticle Review : Pro Gun Control And The New York Safe Act1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe first article that will be discussed in the Literature Review are the pro-gun control views of Robert J. Spitzer in his article NEW YORK STATE AND THE NEW YORK SAF E ACT: A CASE STUDY IN STRICT GUN LAWS. The reason that I selected this article for my Pro gun right argument is that it provided the perspective from a state center approach to being proactive with strict gun laws. It broadens the perspective and makes the sample size easy to analyze and makes it easy to compare to other states with

The First Day In Australia Free Essays

Would like to talk about my first day in Australia in this essay. I arrived in Sydney on the 3rd of April 201 3 and it was raining heavily. However, everything looked interesting to me. We will write a custom essay sample on The First Day In Australia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Was planning to visit Commonwealth Bank at Martin Place as soon as I stepped out of the airplane. When got there, was surprised because the architectural style of the building was luxurious and antique, and it felt very Western. Then I met a teller who greeted me kindly. He made jokes to me. They were funny jokes, but at that time, I did not answer. I was regretful I could not say anything to him in English. After that, I left for a backpacker hostel that is known as a popular place for foreigners. Unfortunately, there were a lot Of people waiting to Stay in there. Thus, I had to move another one. Finally I found a different backpacker hostel. As I opened the door of my room, its melancholic atmosphere overwhelmed me. Eventually, I decided to stay only 3 days because of the uncomfortable, unfamiliar air and because the accommodation fee was unfair. In the first night, I was not able to sleep deeply. Lying in the bed, really worried about my life in Australia. Being unsure about my future made me afraid. Time has slipped along. Compared with the past, many things have changed recently. Nowadays I am trying to improve my life in Australia constantly in order to step forward by studying English and making friends. If I have an opportunity, I would like to settle in Australia. How to cite The First Day In Australia, Papers

Climate Change Awareness Essay Sample free essay sample

Peoples are by and large incognizant of clime alteration. The authorities has put into action activities that will assist raise consciousness of this such as the â€Å"Earth Day† . This may supply information to most but. people in rural countries seem to be less educated on clime alteration than those in metropolis countries who are most affected by the government’s plans. Though most of the people are stating that they are genuinely cognizant of the environment. it is still non assured that they have high cognition about the clime alteration. Climate alteration is a development issue. Because of its possible to impact so many facets of human life. it is arguably the world’s most of import development issue today. Climate alteration is even expected to damage agribusiness and endanger the nutrient supplies. It can raise sea degrees which displaces 1000000s of people and even endangering the being of some low-lying island provinces. We will write a custom essay sample on Climate Change Awareness Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The pupils should be able to acknowledge their restrictions understanding about this issue. This survey will demo merely how the people in a specific community. Philippine Science High School Southern Mindanao Campus. are cognizant of clime alteration. This survey will assist on placing which gender and twelvemonth degree are more cognizant of the clime alteration. The survey will be conducted through the usage of studies to garner information. and the resulting information and information will be the bases of stating their consciousness mark. Each pupil will hold consciousness tonss which will state how cognizant the pupil is about the clime alteration. Methodology The pupils were given a questionnaire or study signifier and asked to reply each inquiries with their ain current cognition. Questions on the questionnaire or study signifier were approximately climate alteration. This will prove the pupil what they presently know about clime alteration. After replying the inquiries. including some personal information like twelvemonth degree and gender. their replies will be written in a tally sheet. There are about 70 points in the study in which there is a right reply. Every correct reply means 1 point to their consciousness mark. Awareness mark will find how much they know about clime alteration. The information was classified to different gender and twelvemonth degree in a signifier of a tabular array. The tabular array has different columns which are their age. twelvemonth degree. sex. scholarship. location. income. wellness status. clip of reading or observation. topics taken and their entire consciousness mark. The pupil with the highest consciousness mark in each gender in a twelvemonth degree was taken and analyzed with a chart or graph. Consequences and Discussion The people who were asked to reply the study were the pupils of Philippine Science High School Southern Mindanao Campus from Grade 7 to 4th twelvemonth. Most pupils have about 50 % to 70 % right replies on the study inquiries. No pupils were to transcend 80 % of right replies and some even reached 0 % to 30 % of right replies. The Grade 7 pupils largely have less than 60 % right replies. Second twelvemonth pupils have better tonss with the most pupils making more than 60 % . Third twelvemonth pupils have more tonss making 70 % . And the 4th twelvemonth pupils have rather the same tonss with the 3rd twelvemonth pupils. Male pupils have higher consciousness tonss than the female pupils. Highest consciousness tonss of male and female pupils in different batches Based on the information gathered. the older the pupil. the higher the mark is. It is rather sensible since older pupils have more cognition and experience because they took more scientific discipline classs than the 1s younger pupils. Besides. male pupils are more cognizant of the clime alteration than the female pupils. Common errors of the pupils were made on the inquiries sing the effects of the planetary heating and nursery consequence to the environment. Students who read books. newspapers. watch telecasting and can entree to the cyberspace have more cognition about the clime alteration. Having more beginnings of information can add up to the cognition of each pupil. But these beginnings can besides give misconceptions about the information of what they are reading. This may be a job particularly about their cognition about the occurrences in the environment. There are many common constructs about the clime alteration. An illustration of it is that firing fossil fuels uses the ozone bed up. Burning is a chemical procedure and besides follows the jurisprudence of preservation of affair. Combustion merely combines the O and C and does non vanish when it is burned. Another misconception about the clime alteration is that planetary heating is caused by the hole in the ozone bed because it allows more radiation to come in the Earth. That is wrong since it is merely caused by the addition of nursery gases in the ambiance. It is true that the hole in the ozone bed lets in more radiation like UV ( Ultraviolet ) Radiation but it is non a great factor of the planetary heating. Bing cognizant about the environment is a really of import affair. Students or adolescents presents are more funny about anything else but environment. They are more funny to engineering than clime alteration which is bad for everyone. Students must at least be able to cognize the ground of the clime alteration in our environment. Although based on the information gathered. some pupils do non even know those grounds. Bibliography Aston. Adam. and Burt Helm ( 2005 ) . â€Å"The Race against Climate Change. † Business Week ( 12 December ) . pp. 59-66. Abarbanel. Albert. and Thomas McCluskey ( 1950 ) . â€Å"Is the World Geting Warmer? † Saturday EveningPost. 1 July. pp. 22-23. 57-63. Antilla. Liisa ( 2008 ) . â€Å"Self-Censorship and Science: A Geographical Review of Media Coverage of Climate Tipping Points. † Public Understanding of Science 1: 1-17. Arrhenius. Gustaf ( 1997 ) . â€Å"Carbon Dioxide Warming of the Early Earth. † Ambio 26: 12-16. Barnett. Tim P. . et Al. ( 2001 ) . â€Å"Detection of Anthropogenic Climate Change in the World’s Oceans. † Science 292: 270-74. Bolin. Bert. et Al. . Eds. ( 1986 ) . The Greenhouse Effect. Climatic Change. and Ecosystems. SCOPE Report No. 29. Chichester: John Wiley. Center For Climate And Energy Solutions ( 2012 ) . Realities vs. Misconceptions about the scientific discipline of Climate Change. Retrieved last February 9. 2013 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. c2es. org/publications/realities-vs-misconceptions-about-science-climate-change Wikipedia ( 2012 ) . Climate Change. Retrieved last February 9. 2013 from hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Climate_change Leiserowitz. A. . Smith. N. A ; Marlon. J. R. ( 2010 ) . Americans’ Knowledge of Climate Change. Yale University. New Haven. Connecticut: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication. Natural Resources Defense Council ( 2011 ) . An Introduction to Climate Change. Retrieved last February 9. 2013 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nrdc. org/globalwarming/climatebasics. asp

Students Should Not Be Allowed to Bring Handphones to School free essay sample

In this modern era, hand phones have already been the usual needs in our daily life. Hand phones are created to make human communication easier. Besides, hand phones nowadays are equipped with a number of useful features to improve our knowledge and social life or to entertain certain people with its multimedia functions. In my opinion, this kind of technology has its disadvantages for students if they bring it to school. Then, what are the negative impacts for their learning process? As we know, hand phones have many multimedia functions, such as music and video player, games, and also internet connections. In fact, students become addicted to play games simultaneously while studying at school. Some of them also chat with their friends on Blackberry Messenger and Yahoo Messenger. They are more interested in reading what happened outside on Twitter or Facebook than listening to their teacher explaining how the world works. We will write a custom essay sample on Students Should Not Be Allowed to Bring Handphones to School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are also some students who share inappropriate contents to their friends. These will bring down their concentration and mental development. Of course those negative things will affect their school and social life. When the students are studying at school, they are easily engaged with the received calls and SMS from their friends. Hand phones are also several scientific functions like calculator and converter, but students become dependent on these features. If they have to calculate mathematics and physics formulas, they just use their hand phones to get the answers. If they do this continuously, their intelligence development will be delayed. Even worse, some students who are afraid of failure in examination will use their hand phones to find the answers on the internet and share the answers to their friends. It is caused by the wrong conception of using hand phones. By using every â€Å"useful† feature on their hand phones, students tend to be lazy, so that they will forget their tasks and duties as a student. Is it enough to make a rule that students should not be allowed to bring hand phones to school? Alright, students will ask their parents to get new hand phones every month and this leads to waste of money. We have to realize that not everyone can buy hand phones. Bringing hand phones to school can also provoke crimes. It is caused by the social inequality between the students. Students who cannot get hand phones from their parents will do anything to have hand phones includes stealing. In conclusion, I would like to say that bringing hand phones to school has a  number of disadvantages, such as bringing down their concentration during learning process, making students dependent on their hand phones, causing students forget their tasks and duties, and leading to crime activities like stealing and cheating. For the information needs, school provides computer laboratory with e-learning facilities, such as e-books and internet. For the communication needs between the students and their parents, school provides free telephones in teacher room or security room. Furthermore, social environment is the most important thing in creating students’ motivation to study. When a student socializes with friends who like studying, of course they will be motivated to study. In contrast, if a student interacts with friends who do not like studying and just play all the time, then they will be spoilt and lazy students. Hand phones are built to make human communication easier, not to make people lazy. The newest features on hand phones are not useless. We can get many beneficial things from them like improving our knowledge and making us keep in touch with our families and colleagues, so that please use your hand phones wisely.

Individual Journal Entry The WritePass Journal

Individual Journal Entry Introduction: Individual Journal Entry ). Hence, while both generic protection strategies and legal protection strategies provide cover for a firm who is aiming to keep an idea or concept within their own realm, they are not always reliable. While legal protection may be an automatic right or a paid right as in the form of a patent, it does no guarantee that imitation will be prevented. It only means that the legal right holder has the ability to press charges on a firm who violates their right. This, however, does not eliminate all the loss incurred to the firm because of the infringement. Hence, protecting intellectual property in the contemporary world is a rather difficult ordeal (Simcoe et al, 2009).   Lecture 6:   Innovation and Entrepreneurship Innovation and entrepreneurship are two connected concepts which survive with one another.   When an individual comes up with an innovative idea and seeks to find a market for it, the individual becomes an entrepreneur.   There are various reasons for an individual to choose to become an entrepreneur as there are several benefits of becoming an entrepreneur. However, there may also be numerous reasons an individual may not choose to be an entrepreneur. The role of an entrepreneur is not easy and is highly self-sufficient. Thus, everybody does not possess the characteristics necessary for this role (Wang et al, 2012). An entrepreneur is a person that comes up with an innovative idea and begins a business with it. The entrepreneur is the bearer of all risks and is the owner of the business. In many cases, the entrepreneur may also be the manager of the business or the sole person running the business. However, in many large organizations, entrepreneurs hire additional staff to help facilitate the working process. Nevertheless, there are certain skills required in an entrepreneur in order for the business to be successful. An entrepreneur must be decisive, creative, patient, possess managerial skills, coordinated, and analytical. Moreover, an entrepreneur must be able to face challenges and act quickly in critical situations. Thus, the role of an entrepreneur is highly important and carries high degrees of risk. Many people do not feel that they can deal with such high levels of risk and stress ( Guiso Shivardi, 2011). UK statistics show certain entrepreneurial trends which show that men are two times more likely to become entrepreneurs than women and people in the age range of 35-44 show the highest amounts of entrepreneurial activity. Moreover, the educated class or graduates are more likely to indulge in entrepreneurial activity rather than non-graduates. People who have previously been employed are more likely to indulge in such activity. Also, people who are in the top-third spectrum of the income distribution are three times more likely to begin a business rather than those in the bottom half of the income distribution chart (Sogner Fritsch, 2013). Such characteristics show that entrepreneurship is probably considered a rather intense ordeal as women do not indulge in such activity as much as men. It also shows that entrepreneurial activity requires experience as people in the older age brackets of 35-44 indulge in entrepreneurial activity more than other age groups. Moreover, knowledge and education also helps in entrepreneurial activity which may be a reason why more graduates choose to pursue it rather than non-graduates. Lastly, entrepreneurial activity requires investment and money which may be a reason people in the top spectrum of the income chart are more likely to indulge in entrepreneurial activity rather than lower income groups (Clerq et al, 2012). Thus, it is obvious that entrepreneurship requires a variety of skills and resources. However, there are five characteristics which may influence an individual’s decision to become an entrepreneur. The first characteristic is the need for achievement as engaging in entrepreneurial activity is highly rewarding if success is attained. The second characteristic is the locus of control as some individual’s may want to be in full control of their activity and may not want to share authority with anyone or give anyone authority on themselves. Thus, engaging in entrepreneurial activity enables them to maintain the locus of control (Magri, 2011). The third characteristic is the desire for autonomy as some individuals may prefer to be the sole decision makers and may not feel comfortable working in teams.   Hence, some individuals have the desire for autonomy and thus find entrepreneurial activity as the most suitable option. Some individuals prefer self-efficacy in which they prefer to rely on their own performance rather than the performance of any other person and choose to be self-reliant. Such individuals are also more likely to engage in entrepreneurial activity. The last characteristic is related to innovation as some individuals are highly innovative and prefer to reap profits from their innovative abilities rather than use their skills for another firm. The benefits of entrepreneurial activity include reaping all profits made and amounting to unlimited earnings if the business is a success. Examples such as Mark Zuckerburg, Michael Dell, and Bill Gates illustrate how unlimited profits can be made through innovative ideas. Moreover, entrepreneurial activity allows a person to be their own boss and explore their creative abilities. It also enables a person to design their own job description and pursue a path that is of interest to them. However, there are also certain aspects which cause an individual to choose not to be an entrepreneur (Banon et al, 2011). As entrepreneurs carry all the risk, there are high chances of losing investment and incurring losses. Moreover, it is difficult to attain such amounts of money and raising capital can be a highly time-consuming and stressful job. Entrepreneurs also go through a lot of stress and there is no guarantee of income. There may be times when no income is made. Hence, many people do not possess the characteristics to be able to handle this situation (Zheng et al, 2010). I would choose to be an entrepreneur because it would be a form of self-testing my abilities and being able to solely reap the profits of my success. Unlimited reward is an attractive feature of entrepreneurship, yet I would choose not to be an entrepreneur because of the high possibility of incurring losses as well. Moreover, the autonomy available to entrepreneurs is highly attractive, yet the stress of making wrong decisions can also prove to be highly hazardous. Thus, I would choose not to be an entrepreneur if the risk was high and the industry was highly competitive . Therefore, it is obvious that entrepreneurship is not adequate for everyone but is a highly attractive option for those that possess the required characteristics and have an innovative idea to market.   Hence, entrepreneurship carries its merits and de-merits and the success of the entrepreneur is not only dependent upon his/her own abilities but also depends upon the idea of the entrepreneur.   Choosing whether or not to become an entrepreneur can be a long drawn process in which several aspects are considered and is a personal choice which may vary from person to person. I personally would choose to be an entrepreneur if I had an innovative idea which I knew had high chances of success. Lecture 7: Innovation in Large Organizations Large organizations that attempt to innovate must have supporting organizational structures and organizational cultures that facilitate open communication, maximum interaction, and the exchange of ideas in order to continuously improve previous concepts. However, if the organizational culture and structure do not support innovation and are rather rigid, then it would be difficult for an organization to pursue such goals. Innovation requires brainstorming, open exchange of ideas, and a relaxed organizational culture which promotes the value of innovation. Hence, large organizations must ensure that their systems are designed in order to promote and pursue such values such as open communication, innovation, and a supportive organizational culture as some organizations may find it difficult to change their structure and culture further in their production processes (Zhang et al, 2010). The effectiveness of organizational structure is dependent upon a number of factors which includes the leadership style and philosophy, the organizational culture, internal and external relationships, and processes that facilitate information sharing and decision-making. Thus, these factors must support the notion of innovation within an organization. There are five different types of structures which include functional, multidivisional, matrix, project-based, and a corporate venture (Valencia et al, 2011). The functionalist structure connects the CEO to all departments, reduces complexity and simplifies control mechanisms, defines clear responsibilities, and there are specialists at senior and management levels. However, the functionalist structure reinforces hierarchical structure, causes an overburden to senior staff members,   may be a cause to neglect strategic issues, and makes it difficult to cope with geographical and product diversity. Hence, the functional structure is not highly supportive of innovation as it is no highly customer-oriented and does not facilitate maximum communication between departments. However, the multi-divisional structure is more customer-focused, flexible and alterable, is controllable by performance, and is specialized by competences.   Hence, as each department is highly competitive and focused upon customer needs, this type of organizational structure encourages and promotes innovation more than the functional structure. The matrix structure is another organizational structure which facilitates many departments and allows flexibility, minimizes resource requirements, is customer focused, and facilitates integrated knowledge. Although this structure increases the potential of conflict, ambiguity, and increases the time taken to make decisions, it does allow for cooperation between departments and minimizes costs. However, this may not be the ideal structure to promote innovation. The project-based structure focuses upon a single project per department and is very focused and specialized in its particular area of focus. However, this type of structure only l asts a limited amount of time and prevents interaction throughout the organization. Hence, this type of structure is also not ideally suitable for innovation. The corporate venture creates organizational entities that reside in or outside an existing corporation and infuse entrepreneurial activities in independent entrepreneurial firms. This enables motivation of employees, transparency in the system, and mobilization of the reputation of the brand or the company. This system promotes innovation as it promotes entrepreneurial activities (Valencia et al, 2011). Organizational culture consists of the assumptions, beliefs, and the values that are shared and practiced by all members of an organization. These assumptions, beliefs, and values define an organization and the environment it operates in. Organizational culture facilitates communication within and outside the organization and is very difficult to change once an organization establishes a certain organizational culture.   The organizational culture may include components of the societal or national culture an organization is physically situated in, the leadership and management style of the leader of the organization, and the nature of the business that the organization conducts (Menguc Auh, 2010). An organizational culture which promotes innovation has open communication between employees and managers and usually has a highly interactive and informal organizational culture. Participation in various activities and delegating authority to employees of lower ranks is highly encouraged as organizations must facilitate the exchange of ideas and information. Employees are openly allowed to make choices and decisions in order to devise new strategies and form new ideas for the benefit of the organization.   However, organizational culture is very hard to change once it is established in an organization. Attempts to transform organizational culture fail because as there are eight distinct phases of change, skipping a stage may lead to failure. Making critical mistakes in any stage may also lead to failure and even the most capable people tend to make errors. Changing organizational culture takes time and effort and it is not easy for managers to incorporate the new organizational cu lture within employees in a short period of time (Menguc Auh, 2010). Lacking a vision, improper planning, lack of communication, and not anchoring changes in the corporation’s culture are also causes to the failure of implementing a new organizational culture. Hence, it is highly essential for firms to implement an innovative organizational culture from the initial stages of being in business rather than attempting to change it at later stages (Fiedler Welp, 2010). Promoting innovative values within employees and encouraging or valuing their opinion can prove to be beneficial for a firm favoring innovation. Aiming to change organizational culture at later stages can prove to be hazardous and confusing for employees as they may lose their sense of direction. Thus, the firm may suffer in terms of employee performance and motivation levels may also fail as employees are forced to adopt a new way of behaving in an organization. Large organizations who wish to pursue innovation must ensure that they incorporate this value in their organizational st ructure from the beginning (Linnenleuke Griffiths, 2010). Hence, it is obvious that innovation is a value that needs to be incorporated and facilitated by a firm’s organizational culture and organizational structure. Open communication, exchange of ideas, and delegation of authority are characteristics which help promote innovation within organizations. An informal and interactive organizational culture and organizational structures such as the corporate venture, matrix organizational structure, and multi-divisional organizational structure support innovative activities. Hence, large organizations who wish to innovate must design their business environments accordingly (Mahmoudselahi et al, 2012). Conclusion: The discussion on lectures 5, 6, and 7 shows that there are various aspects for an entrepreneur to consider and each aspect has positive and negative consequences. If an organization has to protect their intellectual property, they can do so through application of generic or law protection while both may not be permanently effective. There are certain characteristics that are needed within an individual in order for the individual to become an entrepreneur, while others may not prefer to be an entrepreneur because of the high levels of risk involved. Organizational culture and structure are important concepts that must be embedded into an organization to promote the value of innovation, as they are very difficult to change at later stages.   References Banon, A., Sanchez, A. Vivaracho, P. (2011) â€Å"The decision to become an entrepreneur: a cognitive perspective. â€Å" A Shift to the Entrepreneurial Society : A Built Economy in Education. Edward Elgar Publishing. Branstetter, L., Fisman, R., Foley, C., Saggi, K. (2011) â€Å"Does Intellectual Property Rights Reform Spur Industrial Development†.   Journal of International Economics. Vol. 83:1 pp. 27-36 Clercq, D., Honig, B., Martin, B. (2012) â€Å"The roles of learning orientation and passion for work in the formation of entrepreneurial intention†. International Small Business Journal. Davis, TM. (2008) â€Å"International Intellectual Property Rights: Effectiveness of Incentives for Enforcement†. Ball State University Department of Physical Science. Dinopolous, E. Segerstorm, P. (2010) â€Å"Intellectual property rights, Multinational firms, and Economic Growth†. Journal of Development Economics. Vol. 92:1 pp. 13-27 Fiedler, M. Welp, I. (2010) â€Å" How do Organizations Remember? The Influence of Organizational Structure on Organizational Memory†. Organization Studies. Vol. 31:4 pp.381-407 Guiso, L. Schivardi, F. (2011) â€Å"What Determines Entrepreneurial Clusters?†. Journal of the European Economic Association. Vol. 9:1 pp. 61-86 Kim, Y., Lee, K., Park, W., Choo, K. (2012) â€Å"Appropriate Intellectual Property Protection and Economic Growth in Countries a Different levels of Development.† Research Policy. Vol. 41: 2 pp. 358-375 Klein, MW. (2010) â€Å"Ten Years After Managed Professionals : Who Owns Intellectual Property Now?†. Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy. Vol. 2:2 Linnenlueke, M. Griffiths, A. ( 2010) â€Å" Corporate Sustainability and Organizational Culture†. Journal of World Business. Vol. 45:4 pp. 357-366 Magri, S. ( 2011) â€Å" Household Wealth and Entrepreneurship: Is There a Link?† Midwest Finance Association 2012 Annual Meetings Paper. [online] Available at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1925361 Mahmoudsalehi, M., Moradkhannejad, R. Safari, K. (2012) â€Å"How Knowledge Management is Affected by organizational Structure†. Learning Organization. Vol. 19:6 pp.518-528 Menguc, B. Auh, S. (2010) â€Å"Development and Return on Execution of Product Innovation Capabiilities: The role of organizational structure†. Industrial Marketing Management. Vol. 39:5 pp. 820- 831 Simcoe, T., Graham, S., Feldman, M. (2009) â€Å"Competing on Standards: Entrepreneurship, Intellectual Property, and Platform Technologies.† Journal of Economics Management Strategy. Vol. 18:3 pp. 775-816 Sorgner, A. Fritsch, M. (2013) â€Å"Occupational Choice and Self-Employment-Are They Related?†. [online] Available at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2205034 Valencia, J., Jimenz, D., Valle, R. (2011) â€Å"Innovation or Imitation: The role of Organizational Culture.† Emerald, 49. Wang, C., Wang, N., Yang, J. (2012) â€Å"A Unified Model of Entrepreneurship Dynamics.† Journal   of Financial Economics.   Vol. 106:1 pp. 1-23 Zheng, W., Yang, B. McLean, B. (2010) â€Å"Linking organizational culture, structure, strategy, and organizational effectiveness: Mediating role of knowledge management†. Journal of Business Research. Vol. 63: 7 pp.763-771

Linux can help you

Linux can help you Reasons Linux Can Help You Become a Better Student It’s time for the school calendar year to kick off and may high school and university students around the world certainly have loads of thoughts about what awaits them. The thought of classes’ every day, home works, tests, seminars and so much more. However ease on the worry as we are about to show you ways how Linux can make your study year easy. We do know that apps can be of great assistance and giving us a great school experience.   Have you considered adding an operating system that can make the difference? Most people are stuck with Windows and others are lovers of Mac OS X, well its time you try Linux, and see how great it will improve your learning year. Save Money on a New OS or Laptop Take a look at the market value of recent Window computers and Mac OS, it is clear that it will cost you a few hundred dollars for the windows and for the cheapest Mac you be set back at least a thousand bucks. Linux is free and can help you manage your budget effectively. Linux offers you a fully functional OS for free and there are free many apps that you can add to give you a nice browsing experience. Get a computer, OS, and apps for less amount of money which means you have more money for books and other necessary things required. It’s Easy to Use Linux have been degraded by so many lies and wrong information from people who know nothing about Linux. First they say it’s not user friendly and its all about the command line. In fact, you don’t need to touch the terminal in daily use and I can tell you that most of Linux distributions actually do rival Windows and OS X in visual appeal and friendliness. You can simply install basic software like LibreOffice and enjoy your surfing without any hitch of any kind. The old tales of Linux being a scary OS is in the past and everything have changed in recent years. It’s a common knowledge of the problems Windows pose with the latest being the troubleshooting problems with updates. For students time is very valuable and with Linux you do not have to deal with crazy problems like this. Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills Well like any other OS on your first attempt you definitely will spend some time learning some basic parameters and also availing yourself some basic problem solving techniques. Perfect skills for new students to have! Learning is a very interesting process and always not easy at the very beginning. So, if you looking to dive a little deeper into Linux, you will face some issues at the beginning but it’s ok! Learning about the Linux OS and comparing it to other well know OS out in the market will provide a more grounded base for you and this knowledge can be of great help within the school and outside environment. There are certain questions you will come to find answers to that will set you apart from your peers. Question like what are those folders in Linux Root Directory? Add to Your Geek Credentials Windows provide a wide range of base to cover if you chose to study it but if you want to be a certified geek, then you need to learn Linux. Doesn’t matter, if you are not in a computer related major! Learning about Linux is like visiting the core history of computing. Because you will touch on the branch of Unix which happen to be an earlier version. There is a huge community online that can help you with any information or questions. Learning Linux will open you up to the terminal. You will feel different when you are able to joggle through a bunch of operation using the command line. With some practice, you soon on your way to creating files and folders, installing software, and running system tools all with just a few keystrokes. This knowledge usually do not come in classrooms these days. Customize it to Your Needs No matter what your field of study is Linux is totally customizable to show your needs. So you can have complete control on how Linux looks. Linux offers loads of options for anyone wanting to tweak their OS. You can also create your own distro, burn it to a disc and install. I guess you must have find yourself in a situation where Windows refuse to allow you make some changes to some of its setting this also happens in Mac OS. So Linux definitely is what you need if you want to tweak your operating system to be just a certain way. With Linux your computer becomes a tool for help, with precise settings, software and setup you are sure to be a success. If you do not like one thing about Linux you can change it and then learn a new thing in the process.

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reflection - Essay Example Brief Overview of your Leaflet The leaflet highlights many aspects that seek to enlighten both students and parents on the available resources for improving the experience of year six students. The introductory part of the leaflet highlights the driving force of Sunnyfields which is the fact that each student has an intrinsic capacity inherent since birth and requires nurturing for them to utilize their potential to the maximum level. However, the school environment lacks the potential of providing sufficient resources for children to nurture all their talents. The focus of Sunnyfields is year 6 students who are in their final year of studies. As the leaflet highlights, year six students require advanced preparation for the next level of studies. They face a surging pressure of succeeding in their statutory assessment tests (SATs). Sunnyfields realized that schools focused on motivating other students for these exams taken in May while assuming the surging need for year 6 students to receive worthwhile encouragement and assistance in preparation for these critical tests that reflect the ability of students. Sunnyfields comes in to offer students an opportunity to prepare adequately for the SATs. The program of preparing students for these examinations usually factor in multiple considerations to ensure that each student receives a lot of attention. On the other hand, Sunnyfields provides platforms for year 6 students to develop a diverse range of skills and have fun. There is a range of clubs and groups that focus on different interests of the students. Through registration, students can have the opportunity of developing indispensable skills as well as having thrilling experiences alongside their friends. Moreover, year 6 students can register for a breakfast program that focuses on offering students with a nutritious diet that presents them with all the nutritional requirements for maximizing their learning experience. The objectives of Sunnyfields are in lin e with the theory developed by Piaget that schemata are critical in the development of children. Through these mental orders, children exhibit the capacity of learning new skills. Aspects of Learning and Teaching The most critical aspect of learning offered by the Sunnyfields is the program that seeks to provide students with an opportunity of familiarizing themselves with the new format for the statutory assessment programs. The program offers sessions on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for about ten students to meet in the library with access to multiple resources for their tuition classes. The limited number of students helps the students to receive personalized help from the qualified staff who exhibit expertise and awareness of the new aspects tested in the SATs as evident in the Chace Community Schoolwebsite. The sessions equip students with adequate knowledge and information enabling them to excel in their exams.During these sessions, students can pose any question or concern a nd receive assistance. Through the assimilation process defined by Piaget, children are able to apply the information gained to solve new sets of problems in their exams. In addition, a diverse learning opportunity is the science club that offers students with the required empowerment to become outstanding scientists. The club offers students with scientific interest to build a strong foundation for their future careers. Moreover, students have an opportunity to develop film

Incentive Effects Of Stock Purchase Plans Case Study

Incentive Effects Of Stock Purchase Plans - Case Study Example The study proved that equity-based compensation plans tend to have a more positive impact on shareholder wealth; one of the primary reasons behind adopted these compensation schemes is to ensure that managerial and shareholder interests are in sync and equity ownership boosts key execuctives more than sub ordinate employees. Smitt and Watt claimed in this study that equity based compensation schemes will trigger top employees more than the lower level employees. The hypothesis is proved using identified plans in the study. The stock purchase plans that were meant were key executives guaranteed greater returns compared to other adjusted returns. The result thus vaguely support the Smith-Watts suggestion. For instance, the IRS 423 plan which was meant for the employees within the organization gave a zero reaction on the announcement date. Article 2: The impact of Long range Managerial Plans on Shareholder wealth by James A Brickley Economists have often voiced out the economic importan ce of different types of managerial compensation schemes. However there are certain groups, for instance shareholder advocate groups who are against managerial compensation contracts. These groups insist that some plans are advantageous for managers at the expense of other shareholders. This means that while they may prove worthy for managers, they put the interest of shareholders at stake. Moreover, very little research has been conducted on this subject. There is insufficient literature out there to draw inferences from as well. The effect of various managerial plans on shareholder wealth is an empirically important issue. This study attempts to look into this issue more comprehensively and empircally. This study throws insight on the stock price reaction when there was on announcement regarding changes in long term managerial compensation packages. It is a comprehensive study undertaken by James A Brickley. The study presented evidences proving that most change plans are welcomed with positive market reaction. This is because at the end of the day, they increase shareholder wealth. The study is unable to mark comparisons between different types of market reactions to different types of compensation schemes. The difference could not be nailed in this study. The result supports the nation that every firm has it’s own set of managerial compensation requirement and every firm treats it different. Thus, there is no compensation package that is better than the other one. The profitability and feasibility of every compensation plan depends on the organization. A cross sectional analysis was done to prove the afforementioned notion. Article 3: The Modigilani Millar Propositions after 30 years by Merton H. Miller This article was published in the Journal of Economic Perspective. The journal was published on the 30th anniversary of the Modigilan-Millar propositions regarding the cost of capital, finance and the theory of investment. The article was published i n the American Economic Review of June 1958. This article throws insight into the kind of significance these propositions hold today ; to what extent have they impacted the financial models of today, what reforms did they arouse, where do these propositions stand today and how have they progressed after almost three decades of intense scrutiny , rancor debates etc. Most of these controversies can be thought off as settled today, thanks to all the research done in

Web or Mobile Application Essay Example for Free

Web or Mobile Application Essay JP Morgan Chase Mobile Bank application is one of the most important applications I have in my iPhone. Chase has created a new way of banking with their application. It is user friendly, it offers amazing capabilities, it is a time and money saver, and it has room for improvement. Chase has brought banking into our hands. The purpose of the application is to make banking for their customers stress-free. With this application customers can deposit checks from their iPhone, iPad, iPod touch, Android, Kindle Fire, and Windows Phone. All they do is input the amount of the check, take a front and back picture of the check and click submit. Customers can also view their banking and credit card balances and transaction history. Customers can transfer money between Chase and non-Chase accounts, in different ways. They offer Transfer Money, Wire Transfer, and Chase QuickPay. I just used the QuickPay feature today. My little sister bought my tickets to Lollapalooza so I paid her back through QuickPay. In order for the money to get deposit to her account, we both have to enrolled in the Person-to-Person QuickPay. Once we both signed up, I type her e-mail or phone number and the amount to transfer and submit it. Once sent, she approves the transaction, and it is complete. I am also able to pay bills with the application. This feature is truly helpful; I set up reminders on my phone to remind me of when my payments are due. When my reminder goes off, at that moment I log in to my Chase application and make the payment on the spot. I do not have to wait to get home because if I do I would forget to make it and I am charge with the late fees. Another capability is being able to find the closest branch or ATM near me. All this is possible with a smartphone and a tablet. The Chase bank application is a time and money saver. I was in the Army and I had been station in places where Chase branches or ATMs are not close to me. Right now, I live in Copenhagen, Upstate NY, which is about half an hour from Ft Drum. The closes Chase branch or ATM to me is in Syracuse, which is about an hour and a half away. Being able to have access to my account on the palm of my hand is amazing. Not having to set a foot on the bank has saved me time, gas and money. Time is very important to me and the way I pend it is written down in my planner. I do not have the time or the money to drive and wait in line. In the time it would take me to drive to the branch and back home, I could watch a movie with my family or do some homework. This application has really made my life a little easier In a likely future that I want to see added to this application would have to be like a check balance book. This feature would help me see where my money goes. Just by taping an icon I can see how much did I spend on Tuesday, how much money do I have left in my account, when do I get paid, am I getting closed to overdraft. I know this is my responsibility, but it would be nice to have my own personal accountant. Another possible addition could be being able to send and receive e-mails to and from Chase. I think these two features can help Chase improve and be ahead of other banks. ‘JPMorgan Chase has yet again won a ranking of mobile banking apps. In this one, Keynotes semiannual mobile banking scorecard, Chase came in first for the third time in a row’, ‘†¦its analysts score the apps according to 120 criteria in four categories functionality, ease of use, privacy and security, and quality and availability’ (Penny Crosman, 2013). I remember when every Saturday I will had to go to the bank to make a deposit of my checks, and having to fill up the deposit slip. Just the waiting in line used to irritate me. Being able to access my account, pay bills and make deposits without having to set a foot inside a bank is incredible. Chase Mobile definitely has changed the way their customers and I bank!

Essay --

Not surprising that The Magic Flute has been staged by contemporary innovative directors- it’s craziness makes it ideal for being a director’s medium. Modern opera criticized for being boring or whatever, but here are three directors who, although they faced criticism themselves, approached opera with fresh perspective and with a desire to change what they felt where stiff conventions that no longer Richard Wagner was supremely interested in the music of other composers, both that of his contemporaries and those who had influenced the operatic stage before him. As an opera composer and librettist himself, he listened to the offerings of other composers carefully, forming his opinions with even more caution. In his anaylsis of Mozart’s work, Wagner credited the composer with â€Å"creating true German opera† Modern music critics continue to scratch their heads when considering Wagner’s gushing remarks on Mozart. In a review posted to the Flos Carmeli Arts Blog on February 26, 2010, Steven Riddle describes Mozart as a German composer who writes music that is â€Å"flexible, nimble, light and lovely†, while Wagner’s is â€Å"like a beautiful bludgeon- slow and ponderous†. While they possess little similarities in style as composers, it was not simply Mozart’s music that enamored Wagner. The Magic Flute inspired Wagner with its characters and their keen development, as well as Mozart’s clear voice as an interpreter of the drama within the music. He praised Mozart for his ability to create a genre that was unlike any previously seen in the German Opera. The Magic Flute was an opera that lived between Opera Seria and Opera buffa (both common in German opera at the time), but also contained many musical styles of the ornate Italian opera. ... ...e gaps caused by heavy editing to the libretto. He gave voice only to the most important characters, Pamina and Tamino, Papageno and Papagena, the Queen of the Night, Sarastro and Monostatos. Particularly bold was his cutting of the Three Ladies and the Three Spirit Children, who he deemed merely mechanisms of exposition and magic. What Brook yearned to create where characters who were true individuals as opposed to singers in a pageant of the superfluous. His work with the Queen of The Night particularly reached this goal. While she is clearly the villainess of Flute, Mozart’s music gives her a complexity that Brook highlighted. Her revenge aria, in which she mourns the loss of he daughter to Sarastro, is mostly known for it’s treacherous colatura. In Brook’s Flute, the aria began softly and tenderly, reaveling the bevered mother underneath the evil Queen.

The Cost of Education

Joey Goodstudent English 101, Section Causal Argument Essay February 16, 2009 The Real Cost of Education It was David Henry Thoreau who said, â€Å"The price of anything is the amount of life you exchange for it. † He graduated from Harvard in 1837, but not with a diploma. He explains, â€Å"they have been foolish enough to put at the end of all this earnest the old joke of a diploma. † Thoreau understood that the piece of parchment handed out at commencement means nothing more than the hard work, studying, and education that came before it. Today, those values are lost, and only 59% of Arizonan high school students graduate. This number reflects changes in society, problems in schools, and student’s personal reasoning. Society today demands a degree, not to get ahead, but just to keep up. An article published in the July 17, 2008 Wall Street Journal titled â€Å"The Declining Value of your College Degree† states that â€Å"College-educated workers are more plentiful, more commoditized and more subject to the downsizings that used to be the  purview of blue-collar workers only. What employers want from workers nowadays is more narrow, more abstract and less easily learned in college. † A phrase like this is very discouraging to a high schooler. When the prospect of a brighter future is taken from the table, the immediate response is â€Å"why try? † This attitude gives way to a sense of hopelessness and discouragement. A study by Civic Enterprises shows that 69% of dropouts said that they were not motivated to work hard. The growing cost of living coupled with the independence of today’s youth creates a need to work, and earn money. In society today, children are growing up much faster. A report by the Guttmacher Institute placed Arizona as the state having the second most pregnancies in women aged 15-19. We fell just 9 teen pregnancies shy of first, at 104. With the average annual cost of raising a child at $17,151, it’s practically impossible to support a family and remain in school. This causes both parents of the child to drop out; with both either working all the time or taking turns watching the child as the other works. Problems with the schools are also large contributing factors in the decision to drop out. High Schools often have stark attendance policies that step on the toes of students otherwise willing and able to complete high school. When a student misses a set number of class periods they’re simply audited. The student is not given a chance to catch up, or to learn what they’ve missed, but are assumed to be unable to finish the course. This notion runs contradictory to Arizona’s standardized testing, which suggests that if a child can pass a test, they’ve learned what’s necessary. The audited students are not given the chance to be tested, and show that they’ve learned the necessary material despite absences. A study by Civic Enterprises shows that 47% of students gave the reason â€Å"classes are uninteresting† as one of their motivations for dropping out. Uninteresting classes comes as a result of a strict curriculum to support standardized testing, and placing high value on practical subjects such as math and language, while stigmatizing creative subjects like art, drama, and dance, which would hold the attention of students otherwise bored. Teachers today are forced to stick to strict curriculums to ensure that students can pass a test at the end of the class. This often limits learning techniques considered to be more interesting than others, such as working in a group on a project, or having a class-wide discussion. These actions are replaced with long, prepared lectures and quizzes. Knowledge is lost on students, who sit in class bored. Education is increasingly geared towards practicality, and academic ability. Schools will teach daily mathematics and languages classes, and only offer art or music classes a fraction of that time. Students become bored with the subjects and have no motivation to continue attending school. If schools were to offer more fine arts students would soon gain fascination, and in turn be more interested and motivated to go to school. Class sizes in schools are also a problem, as a large class size will limit the one-on-one time student’s need with their instructor to fully understand what being taught. Often when a class is too large students are unable to ask questions because the instructor is busy help other students, or grading hundreds of assignments. When the class size is smaller, an instructor can get to know particular students weaknesses and help them develop those areas. In this way, a small class size fosters a stronger education, and in turn, happier students who enjoy learning. Students coming to high school from junior high are faced with a completely different social situation. Cliques and groups form to exclude people, and this causes self-esteem issues. Finding friends in this new situation can be tough for students, and feeling like an outcast at school will cause students to not want to be there. Belonging to a group will increase the chances of that students attending school. Conversely, some students get so caught up in the social aspect of high school and being a ‘teen’ that they let their attendance slip, preferring to go out to lunch or hang out with friends over going to school. Eventually, school takes the back seat to their sociability and they drop out. Peer pressure also limits those who earnestly want to succeed, but are not strong academically. Super-seniors will come back to school for another year instead of giving up, only to be ridiculed and called stupid by other students. They soon believe the ridicule and drop out. The true cost of education is the life we exchange for it. It could be at work, struggling to support ourselves and go to school. It could be at home studying for an upcoming exam, It could be in the classroom trying to pay attention, or with fellow students, trying to make friends. With time will come the consequence of these high drop out rates. Perhaps then we’ll take action and try to stop it.

Managing Cultural Diversity

Summary This academic paper will consider the study â€Å"Cooperation and competition in intercultural interactions† conducted by David Matsumoto and Hyi Sung Hwang, San Francisco State University, United States. Prisoner’s Dilemma, Ultimatum, Trust Game are well-known play games which allowed to accumulate sufficient knowledge in the presented area of studies in terms of cooperation, competition, punishment, trust, trustworthy and clearly demonstrates that people of different cultures plays these games differently. Earlier research has come to conclusion that intercultural interactions shows less positive results in cooperative behaviors in game play than intracultural interactions; but to date no empirical links have been made between behavioral outcomes and cultural differences between the participants, which became the actual purpose of the study. The first hypothesis is that Intercultural condition will produce less positive behavioral outcomes and cooperation than the Control condition and the second hypotheses states that these behavioral differences are connected to cultural differences. Organizers of the study offered modified version of Prisoner’s Dilemma where partner either country mate or international one. Americans were put in the same sex-dyads in one of three conditions: with another American participants (Control Condition – 120 people, 40 males and 80 females), with an international student (Intercultural condition – 41 Americans, 20 males, 21 females and 41 international participants, 20 males and 21 females), or with another American but under stressful condition (Stress conditions – 90 people, 44 males and 46 females). The aim of the participants is to increase their participation fee, and they were told that an amount of paid sum depends on their play, in reality they received standard amount of fee. They were seated opposite each other and were not allowed to talk, each pair was separated by divider, Experimenter observed the play on the other side of the table. Each participant was given 20 1$ coins and a blue (competitiveness, defection or betrayal) and yellow (cooperation, trust, vulnerability) card. They had an option whether to play with blue or yellow card within the time allotted for each play. Participants in the Control and Intercultural Conditions were instructed to increase their original payoffs and they received participation fee regardless they won or lost the play; the length of each round 20 s. Participants in stress conditions were instructed that one participant should win over other, and winner will receive all coins from looser; each round lasted for 4 s. Play continued for 20 rounds, or until one of the players lost all their money. Researchers opted a broad-based approach, where they defined a set of context variables (they were extracted from the plays and summed across both players for production a score for each pair) and in addition they created 10 individual characteristics (cooperation, betrayal, forgiveness, retaliation, reparation, defection, reconciliation, stalemate, prosocial acts, antisocial acts); examined indices of cultural differences between pairs of individuals from different cultures, using home country scores on Hofestede’ (2001) cultural dimensions (Individualism vs. Collectivism, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity vs. Femininity, and Long vs. Short Term Orientation) . Researches also created cultural differences score in the intercultural condition. All participants passed a personality test (Neo-Five Factor Inventory) and were qualified as acceptable. Besides this, participants self-reported their emotions using 9- point scale (0-9 anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, surprise, pride, shame, embracement, guilt, interest and etc. ) before entering the experiment room and after. For the intercultural Conditions researches computed Cultural Distances scores for each pair using Hofstede’s (2001) five cultural dimensions. As the result after computing dependent/independent variable (Condition), taking into consideration that pair had the same characteristics (same sex strangers in the same condition), analyzing data for hypotheses, conducting post hoc comparisons using Scheffe tests, thus researchers concluded that Intercultural Condition looked like the Stress Condition, demonstrating worse behavioral outcomes than the Control Condition despite the Intercultural Conditions had the same instructions and procedures as the ontrol Condition. Hypothesis 1 was proved. Initiators of the study also computed pair level correlations between Geographic and Cultural Distance scores with each of the behavioral outcomes in the Intercultural Conditions. Greater cultural Distance on Power Distance was reliably was strongly associated with less positive behavioral outcomes. Hypothesis 2 was supported. Discussion Strengths This study is the very first research which empirically linked behavioral outcomes to cultural differences between the players and it is undeniable that these findings play will make essential contribution for future empirical works, business development, intercultural trainers and participants itself. Organizers of the study introduced personality scale to control individual-level effects, offered participants to self-report twice their emotional state prior and after experiment, measured and computed dependent/independent context variables (used well-known Hofested’s cultural dimensions) in order to reduce the possibility of commitment of the ecological and cultural attribution fallacy. Limitations Cross-cultural literature do not explain us sufficiently what happens in intercultural situations because cross-cultural differences are not necessarily translated to behavioral differences in intercultural interactions; moreover, there is no empirical demonstration that less cooperative and more destructive behaviors associated with intercultural interactions connected to cultural differences between the participants. Game rules and experimental procedure make direct comparisons very difficult and there is a possibility that instructions are interpreted differently in different cultures. Difference scores of participants’ home country scores on cultural dimensions are not strongly linked to participants because they are simply diffuse and abstract. Methodology didn’t allow for separation of relative standing of the relative standing of power distance and examination of whether differences were consistent at different values of dimension. Another concerns how the participants in the Intercultural Condition perceive differences between each other. Plus, it is implicit whether these perceptions are automatic or deliberate thought. One of the limitations of the study related to potential explanatory variables (such variables may have been at play) that were not measured (culturally-based, individual differences in economic expectations, religious differences etc. ) References Matsumoto D. Hwang H. S. , (2011), Cooperation and competition in intercultural interactions, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 35 , Issue 5 , pp. 677-685 Ailon, G. (2008). Mirror, mirror on the wall: Culture’s consequences in a value test of its own design. Academy of Management Review, 33(4), 885–904. Allik, J. , & Realo, A. (2004). Individualism–Collectivism and social capital. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(1), 29–49.

Free Essays on Being A Minority In A Country

Being a Minority in a Country Of One Cultural Majority The current situation races are going through right now has only changed somewhat than what it was years ago. Different races are still learning to work and coexist in our current social model. All races have to still cope with discrimination and intolerance. However, there are other cultures that deal with a lot more than others. Our social model has three different standards, which are: the current status of racism and prejudice, the current levels of economic equality and the current social (education and health) situation. Native Americans have always experienced a lot of racism and prejudice. They were the first to be found on this land and have tried desperately to maintain their freedom to choose their own futures, culture, language, and religion, even though mainstream America is following closely behind them (Giago 287). Since these lands have become American soil, Native Americans have been exposed to assimilation. However, they were not allowed to assimilate into the dominant culture because they were thought of as being inferior. Also, if they did assimilate then the dominant culture would not be able to take their land (Race: the Power of an Illusion). Due to their strong family and cultural ties, they were seen as inferior and because of that inferiority the dominant culture was able to restrict them to designated lands, while they seized the rest of the land. As of now, the current situation related to prejudice for Native Americans has not changed a great deal. They are still seen as infer ior to the dominant culture. Currently, the Native Americans economic status is that they are the lowest of all the major ethnic groups in the United States. In a 1990 census, the average Native American family income was lower than African Americans, which was only $24,000, while their poverty rate was the highest among the different ethnic groups. Also according to the same... Free Essays on Being A Minority In A Country Free Essays on Being A Minority In A Country Being a Minority in a Country Of One Cultural Majority The current situation races are going through right now has only changed somewhat than what it was years ago. Different races are still learning to work and coexist in our current social model. All races have to still cope with discrimination and intolerance. However, there are other cultures that deal with a lot more than others. Our social model has three different standards, which are: the current status of racism and prejudice, the current levels of economic equality and the current social (education and health) situation. Native Americans have always experienced a lot of racism and prejudice. They were the first to be found on this land and have tried desperately to maintain their freedom to choose their own futures, culture, language, and religion, even though mainstream America is following closely behind them (Giago 287). Since these lands have become American soil, Native Americans have been exposed to assimilation. However, they were not allowed to assimilate into the dominant culture because they were thought of as being inferior. Also, if they did assimilate then the dominant culture would not be able to take their land (Race: the Power of an Illusion). Due to their strong family and cultural ties, they were seen as inferior and because of that inferiority the dominant culture was able to restrict them to designated lands, while they seized the rest of the land. As of now, the current situation related to prejudice for Native Americans has not changed a great deal. They are still seen as infer ior to the dominant culture. Currently, the Native Americans economic status is that they are the lowest of all the major ethnic groups in the United States. In a 1990 census, the average Native American family income was lower than African Americans, which was only $24,000, while their poverty rate was the highest among the different ethnic groups. Also according to the same...

U.S. National Debt Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

U.S. National Debt - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that according to the article, Treasury Direct 2012 the size of the U.S National debt as per August 31st, 2012 stands at $16,394,000. Debt held by the public amount to 11,272,626 and the Intergovernmental holdings amounts to 4,743,144, which totals to 16,015,770. This essay discusses that the Total Public Debt subject to limit soared to 15,976,711 while the Statutory Debt Limit amounted to 16,394,000. The debt is rising at a high rate since the amount seems to increase gradually every month. In July 2012, the total Public Outstanding Debt amounted to 15,933,235, which increased to 16,015,770 in August. Still, the Total Public Debt subject to limit totaled to 15,894,576 and Statutory Debt Limit was recorded as 16,394,000. The present research has identified that the amount slightly increased to 15,976,711 of the Total Public Debt Subject to Limit and the statutory Debt Limit increased to 16,394,000. As of January 2011, the much of the debt o wned by foreigners is 10,300,000. The foreign country that owns the most U.S Treasury Securities is China with $1.16 trillion with Japan coming in second with $882 trillion lending. Following this analysis, the debt position of the country and its activities’ report create a concern of dealing with an economic recession. This is something that the country should be concerned about since if not handled it would result in an economic crisis.

Interpret Research on Decomposition Analysis Paper

Interpret on Decomposition Analysis - Research Paper Example The relationship between return on assets and return on equity is that return of assets shows how profitable a company is before they consider giving advantage to investments, hence two thirds of the DuPont equation of measuring return of quality is comprised up of return on assets. (Peppers, 2005, pp 124) Net Income ROA = Value of assets Return on assets and return on help in calculating the rate of growth of a company. The value of return on assets helps in calculating the internal growth rate of a company. Internal growth rate is the maximum rate of growth that a company can achieve without getting help from external financing. It therefore tells how independent a company is. The value of the return on equity helps in determining the sustainable growth rate of a company; this is the maximum attainable income of a company with the inclusion of assets and investments. This gives the potential of the company with the exploitation of all avenues of income generation. Capital intensity is the current status of funds available in the company with the consideration of other factors in the company such as labor and other forms of production. Companies that use heavy machinery and have many laborers do work that is more effective; hence, an increase in the capital intensity increases the labor productivity. Companies that use so much initial investment always get lower return on assets than those, which use less initial investment funds; however, increased productivity makes the company have a greater growth rate. Quantitatively, capital intensity is the ratio of total value of capital equipment to the total potential output of the company. (Masterman, 2007, pp 47). The world’s leading car-manufacturing company, Toyota, use the JIT production method. The JIT production method involves, the processes of waste elimination participative culture of work, and, continuous improvement of quality of production hence by using this system, Toyota reduce the need for raw materials, this in many ways increase the returns on quality of the company because less money is used in the production expenses of the company. This also minimizes wastes hence more economical in that the company does not spend on ways of ways of waste disposal. The Kanban system is the control unit of the JIT it implements everything that happens in the system. This helps in making sure that there are no any early or late productions in the company. The efficient method of production that Toyota uses makes it the largest vehicle producing company in the world. Though there has been a falling trend in the sales of the vehicles, this is mainly due to external causes in the market, the sales mainly fell in the country, and the drop in production was by 11.7%. Outside Japan, the sales improved and went up by 6.2%. The policy of minimum wastage and efficient production ensures that the production and sales remain high. The return on quality remains high (Tracey, 2008, pp 54). Honda i s a Japan based motor p[production company. recently Honda made their all time biggest production quantity of all time. Hondas strategy of production and marketing is different from that of Toyota, while Toyota mainly majors in the production of motor vehicles, Honda, on the other side has a diversity of products from vehicles to motorbikes, they even produce robots, in fact, Honda produced the only human robot that can walk up and down a

Birth Control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Birth Control - Essay Example While concerned about the problems of overpopulation in the world, including the United States, these experts viewed policy change as an incremental process that came from careful research and the persuasion of political leaders (Kass-Annese and Danzer, 2003). At the other end of the spectrum stand activists who view overpopulation as a national and global emergency that needs to be addressed immediately and with radical, coercive measures if voluntary programs cannot help. Birth control methods are divided into physical methods and behavioral methods. The main physical methods are briers and hormonal methods, ormeloxifene and intrauterine method, emergency contraception and induced abortion, sterilization. To behavioral methods belong: futility awareness, statistical methods and 'interrupted sex', abstinence and lactational period (Birth Control 2007). Many advocates of birth control state that the population problem remains serious, and the issue should be addressed through private efforts and a gradual change in public policy. Overpopulation stands above any specific attachment to a particular economic system. As a result, family planning becomes an ideology in itself. Subsequently, proponents of family planning, while believing that the issue should remain nonpartisan, prove surprisingly flexible in their political allegiances. Catholic opposition to artificial birth control an

Direct Manipulation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Direct Manipulation - Research Paper Example This way, users meet their senses of control (Allison et al., 2012). The second principle is quick, flexible, and incremental actions (Bennett and Flach, 2011). The impacts of these actions on simulated objects are instantly visible. Otherwise known as the principle of virtuality, this principle shows direct manipulation can represent a controllable reality. This principle is applied in video game controls through fast-response correspondence between game controller manipulation and video game response. Examples of virtual responses in video games are characters, weapons, vehicles, or natural and manmade surroundings. Numerous actions are flexible under the rules of a video game. For instance, walking, opening, or closing doors, picking or dropping items are physical, reversible actions that video game controls manipulate through direct manipulation (Richer and Drury, 2006). Lastly, direct manipulation allows the user to make physical actions by pressing marked buttons on a controlling device rather than using compound syntax (Booth, 2014). Direction manipulation under this principle occurs with physical actions such as pointing at an object using a cursor rather than typing a pointing command. This principle fosters a feeling of immersion directly in a virtual reality instead of interacting with an intermediate. Video game controls have marked buttons that foster tasks that concentrate on local and precise interaction with virtual characters or objects. With video game controls, users do not have to type commands for characters or objects to interact with their virtual surroundings (Allison et al., 2012). Video game-type interfaces give users required information and control abilities in an interactive and enjoyable manner. These interfaces successfully streamline input/output frameworks. To a user, these streamlining protocols make a video game slightly more than just an interface. Many computer programs have interfaces that act as intermediaries for

Theoretical Perspectives Of Hrm At Ryanair Management Essay

Theoretical Perspectives Of Hrm At Ryanair Management Essay RYANAIR is Europes largest low-cost airline. Operating its low-fare, no-frills formula, has over 1700 employees and a on the increase fleet of around 50 Boeing 737 jet to provide services over 70 routes to 13 countries all the way through Europe. Operating from its Dublin center of operations, it carries around 12 million passengers every year. Its planes are quite new, and have a short turnaround time between flights of 25 minutes. RYANAIR now requires online cheek-in; otherwise it will charge the customer an additional $40 for printing the online tickets reservation at the airport. It makes most of its money from the items sold in flight such as food, drinks, etc. Theoretical perspectives of HRM We will then present a verity of theoretical perspectives that may make available the indispensable foundation for understanding both the planned and non-strategic determinates of HR practices and thus make possible researchers to get an intentional approach to HRM. Three key theoretical perspectives of HRM Resource based view of the solid Cybernetic agency / transaction costs Behavioral approach Resource based view of the solid The most recent way in into the abstract discussions of planned human resource management comes from the governmental financial side and strategic management copy and has been coin the resource based view of the solid. Since the birth of line of attack as a documented area in the field of management work organization strategists cover relied first and foremost on a single outline to structure their research. The resource-based view of ready for action advantage is firm focused whereas the traditional strategic analysis paradigm has had an industry environment focus. Firm resource heterogeneity refers to the resources of a firm and how different these wealth are across firm. In the customary strategy model firm resources are viewed as all the same across firm in the industry. Firm resource calm refers to the inability of competing firm to obtain assets from other firms. In the traditional strategy model resources are well thought-out mobile in that firms could buy or create resources held by a rival firm. In order for a firms resource to make available sustained competitive advantages for example, the resource must add positive value to the firm, and unique or rare in the midst of currant. Cybernetic agency / transaction costs This variable explains why companies use to control systems such as performance evaluation and reward system. Strategies might not be pursued if performance evaluation and reward system were not in place. They added the perspectives of population ecology, strategic reference points, human capital theory, and the Foucaldian perspective. Digitalization transmogrifies simple analog agent into very composite beings with serious potential for sovereign motion, site, doings, and kind beyond those analogies limited by run of the mill material culture. Behavioral approach The RYANIAR behavioral approach to act management attempts to term the behavior an employee must show signs of to be defective in the job. The various techniques define those behaviors, and then have need of managers to judge the size to which an employee exhibit them and emphasizes on employee behavior as the mediator between strategy and clerical piece. Employee can carry the companys goals or correct performance deficiency. The person in charge distinguishes the basic essentials job and makeup. Function refers to the goals of anticipated activities and makeup to the self of the organization and of the employees or the human resources. The RYANIAR behavior moves toward is directed toward explaining behavioral patterns in poles apart ecological site. It concentrates on culture as the single most important factors. Task-2 Empowerment includes the following, or similar, capabilities:- These ability to make decisions about personal/collective conditions These ability to access information and assets for decision-making Ability to exercise group result assembly The skill having positive-thinking on the subject of to create modify Perceptions though exchange, education and engagement. The enlargement course and changes that is never finish and self-initiated Greater than ever ones up self-image and overcoming shame Increasing ones skill in discreet accepted wisdom to sort out exact and wrong Decision flow (A) Offered Collected prior to the research for a purpose other than the proposed research, includes data (B) Singular Populations Minors, in prison individuals or institutionalized psychologically disabled person. (C) Exemption Criteria (1) Normal educational practices (2) Unknown educational tests, surveys, interviews, (3) Collection or study of existing data; (4) Public benefit or service and Program (6) Taste and food evaluation and acceptance studies. Expensive There is now talk of Ryanairs expansion into the American market, with rumours that on this venture they will have two classes of travelers on the same plane the very economy section which could sell for expensive and customer focused. This would require different types of customer care and also moving away from its core business model of cost saving for all customers. Boundaries of empowerment If RYANAIR employee empowerment is such a great tool and strategy for bring about works, customers service, and employee motivation. RYANAIR organizational boundaries are also factors related to EE and high performing teams. Boundaries help newly empowered employees understand what their new, empowered roles are. Collective bargaining agent Given bellow the collective bargaining agent advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of Collective Bargaining Collective Bargaining is elastic and RYANAIR and not fixed or still: It has flexibility and ample range for finding the middle ground, for a mutual give and take sooner than the final accord is Reached or arrived at Collective bargaining RYANAIR is not a completive course of action but is for all intents and purposes a complementary course of action: Each social gathering wants a bit that the other party has that is to say, labor can make a greater creative try and executive has the capacity to disburse for those efforts and to put in order and guide. In good health preparation: The agreements that move toward from united bargaining are for set moment in time periods, be able to let organization to sketch for the prospect based on those agreements. Disadvantages of Collective Bargaining When unions and companies be of the same opinion on pay add to, it might cause rise in fee; then the client will have to shoulder the full weigh down of their agreement. Wage go with the flow leads to higher wage costs for employers and top price increases in the financial system, which in go round leads to top notice rates and minor investment. Task-3 Communication barriers Many people think that communicating is easy. A communication barrier is very important of any business. Given bellow the communication barriers. Physical barriers Physical barriers in the place of work include: striking out territory, empire and fiefdoms into which strangers are not acceptable closed office doors, separate areas for group of diverse status Large running areas or effective in one unit that is in the flesh separate on or after others. Research shows that one of the most key factors in house cohesive teams is closeness. As long as natives still have an own space that they be capable of call their own, closeness to others aids communication because it helps us get to know one a different. Perceptual barriers The problem with cabin crew communicating with others is with the intention of we all see the globe differently. If we didnt, we would have no need to exchange a few words: something like extrasensory acuity would seize its place. Interpersonal barriers There are six levels at which people can distance them from one an additional Taking out RYANIR cabin crew taking out is a lack of interpersonal makes contact with. It is both refusals to be in lay a hand on and time without help. Rituals RYANIR cabin crew is empty, repetitive routines devoid of valid get in touch with. Pastimes fill up time with others in social but on the surface behavior. Working activities are persons tasks which go after the rules and trial of get in touch with but no more. Games are subtle, scheming interactions which are on the subject of winning and losing. Its difference other country system. Contact is the aim of RYANIR cabin crew interpersonal make contact with where there is a far above the ground level of honesty and acceptance of yourself and others. Working on improving communications with RYANIR is a broad-brush activity. RYANIR have to change their thoughts, these feelings, and RYANIR physical connections. That way, RYANIR can break downward the barriers that get in this way and start construction relationships that really work. Differing emotional states RYANIR have two system message example exclusive and normal systems. Every message contains both a content connotation, which deals in the company of the subject matter of the message, and a bond import, which suggests the nature of the interaction sandwiched between sender and receiver. Communication can break down when the recipient reacts negatively to either of these meanings. RYANIR may have to contract with people when they are offended. An sadden human being tends to do not take into account or distort what the other person is saw and is often powerless to in attendance feelings and ideas in tip of fact. Poor listening People are for all intents and purposes likely to drift off when they are strained to listen to in sequence that is difficult to be aware of or that has little direct air on their own lives. To boot few of us just do not pay attention fine. Differing backgrounds Differences in background can be one of the hardest statement barriers to rise on top of. Age, instruction, sex, public status, trade and industry position, cultural set, nature, physical condition, good looks, fame, religious conviction, taking sides belief, even a passing mood can all break up one human being from an additional and make kind easier said than done. To triumph over the barriers linked with opposed backgrounds, avoid visionary your own milieu or mores on top of others. Shed radiance on your own and be aware of the background of others, spheres of data, personalities and perceptions and dont take for granted that certain behaviors mean the same thing to all and sundry. Task-4 The most famous distinction of labour flexibility is given by Atkinson. Based on the strategies companies use, he notes that there can be four types of plasticity. Functional flexibility RYANIR has to do in the midst of organization of function or management and training workers. The ability to reassign employees to poles apart everyday jobs within the organization, either in response to short-term production flows or long-term adjustment to technological adjust, has impotent effects on managerial mixing. RYANIR employees cannot transfer to special activities and task surrounded by the firm. The low functional flexibility nations (U.S.A, U.K, and Singapore) and the high functional flexibility nations (Sweden, Germany, Japan) reach those varying result through basically different HRMS policies. It has to do with organization of act or management and division workers. This can be achieved by outsourcing activities. External numerical flexibility RYANIR external numerical flexibility is refers to the change of the labour intake, or the add up to of human resources forms the external market. As a result is reduction international competitiveness and for that reason, employment levels. High workers competence levels tend to drive a low ENF line of attack in order to protect nest egg in training, as in Germany and Japan. High functional flexibility means that firms have the ability to reallocate workers within and without the organization as a viable option to layoffs. This can be achieved by employing human resources on short-term work or fixed-term contracts or through comfortable hiring and the boot regulations or in other words recreation according to the firms wants. Internal numerical flexibility Internal numerical flexibility, RYANIR know sometimes as work time flexibility or lay flexibility. This flexibility is achieved by adjusting operational hours or schedules of human resources by now employed within the firm. RYANIR a number of rewards and staffing policies come into sight to affect the ability of firms from corner to corner nations to adjust working hours and the total number of hours on hand over the work year, the availability of overtime, particularly, the distance end to end of the schedule work week, the ability to trim down work weeks, and the amount of paid time. Financial or wage flexibility The model of RYANAIR cabin crew incorporates the verity that individuals may have large flexibility in not to be trusted their work effort. RYANAIR wage level is not decided as a group and in attendance are more differences between the wages of human resources. The labor effort is an optimal financial investment strategy at each point in RYANAIR life cycle. This is made so that pay and other employment price tag reflect the make available and insist of labour. This can be achieved as a result of rate-for-the-job organism, or evaluation based pay system, or human being performance wages. This can also cover up workers who are relocated to extra offices within the firm. Task-5 A defining and classifying come within reach of such as those of by means of Rodgers seven headings- offer a way of not compulsory the selection criterion. It seems cogent and an open auditable come within reach of as well. It would make available records needed if an important person was to inspect the justice and application how well the route of recruitment and choice has been conduct so the come up to may satisfy a quality audit. Given bellow the Rodger seven point plan. Physical make-up Health: A cabin crew must a good health. He should not attend on job with any kind of sickness. Physique: A cabin crew should have a good body structure. He cannot be so fat or so slim. Appearance: Cabin crew must keep up their time schedule properly. They are supposed to attend at RYANAIRS office at fixed time. Bearing: Every passengers of an airbus want a polite person to serve up them. So a cabin crew of RYANAIR must have a good behavior with everyone. Attainment Education: A cabin crew must complete minimum higher secondary level or A level. If considered necessary the qualification may add to. Training: To give a better service to the passengers a cabin crew must have to take training as it should be. It is so tuff to offer good services without training for cabin crew. Experience: experience may necessary for a better service for the passengers. One or two years experience possibly will enough for a cabin crew. Achievements: Goodwill is the best achievements for a cabin crew before take on a cabin crew we should be acquainted with about his achievement in all sec Intelligence Cognitive ability: A cabin crew must cognitive ability. Learning capacity: All cabins should have learning capacity. Because he has not learning capacity then he cannot grab hold of additional topics. Analytical ability: A cabin crew relevant analytics capabilities are often interwoven into applications for sales, marketing, and service. Special aptitudes If a person has a good knowledge on construction, equipment, dexterity, mathematical, IT ability they should recruit. Interests To be a good cabin crew a person must have to be active and social. If he an intellectual and practical people he should get the priority to get the chance to serve the passenger of RYANAIR. Disposition A cabin crew must enough maturity and personality to be good and good service for passenger. Circumstances A cabin crew must physical and mentally fit and all set to go to anywhere of the world withRYANAIR. Task-6 Lack of job security Some of the people do job of the RYANIR a small number of jobs or yet one job in their life. If so, and theyre not effective for the rule, theyre likely to be older than 50, having adult up at a time where company devotion and hard employment provided a steady vocation and a at ease pension. They might have spent 20 or 30 years with the same company, never making the break to search for a little better, and on no account having a reason to fear layoffs. Its important to realize that not everyone react the same way to job lack of confidence. Economics provides the main reason at the back migration. Functional turnover RYANAIR employee turnover is well thought-out by many business leaders to be a simple matter of keeping the information down. Determine relationships of turnover with the employee and the agency. Push factors RYANAIR push factor come in a lot of forms. Sometimes these factors go away natives with no pick but to go away their country of starting point. RYANAIR Other push factors include ancient conditions, poor health check care, normal disasters, political fear and as well as slavery. Natural disasters and ecological evils over and over again cause the loss of money, homes, and jobs. RYANIAR instead go to the United States, where their skills and their lower wage demands are sought after by high-teach companies. Environmental problems and likely disasters often cause the defeat of money, homes, and jobs. Pull factors RYANAIR Pull factors generally make a decision where these travelers end up. People sad to more develop countries will over and over again find that the same work they be doing at home is content out of the country with higher take-home pay. RYANAIR find a greater security net of welfare benefits be supposed to they be unable to work. RYANAIR pull factor given bellow three examples: Higher standards of living/Higher wages, Labor Demand, and Political and Religious Freedom. People stirring to more urban countries will over and over again find that the alike work they were doing at home is content abroad with higher wages. Other pull factors include more medical care or education, family links or simply a personal fondness of a certain place, whether it may be linked to mores, verbal communication, weather situation or other influencing factors.